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en:safeav:introduction [2026/04/24 09:26] raivo.sellen:safeav:introduction [2026/06/16 21:54] (current) raivo.sell
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 The remainder of this book is organized as follows. Chapter 2 provides a high-level introduction to autonomous systems, including the underlying technologies and their interaction with regulatory, safety, and standards environments. Chapter 3 examines hardware architectures, with particular emphasis on sensors, high-performance computing platforms, and emerging challenges in hardware supply chains. Chapter 4 focuses on software architecture, including real-time execution, safety-critical software development, and the growing importance of stable and secure software supply chains. Chapter 5 explores higher-level autonomy algorithms for perception, mapping, and localization, with a focus on system safety and reliability. Chapter 6 addresses planning, control, and decision-making, examining how autonomous systems translate perception into safe and effective action. Finally, Chapter 7 examines communication between autonomous systems, humans, and infrastructure—including human–machine interfaces (HMI) and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication—with an emphasis on integrated system safety and operational robustness. The remainder of this book is organized as follows. Chapter 2 provides a high-level introduction to autonomous systems, including the underlying technologies and their interaction with regulatory, safety, and standards environments. Chapter 3 examines hardware architectures, with particular emphasis on sensors, high-performance computing platforms, and emerging challenges in hardware supply chains. Chapter 4 focuses on software architecture, including real-time execution, safety-critical software development, and the growing importance of stable and secure software supply chains. Chapter 5 explores higher-level autonomy algorithms for perception, mapping, and localization, with a focus on system safety and reliability. Chapter 6 addresses planning, control, and decision-making, examining how autonomous systems translate perception into safe and effective action. Finally, Chapter 7 examines communication between autonomous systems, humans, and infrastructure—including human–machine interfaces (HMI) and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication—with an emphasis on integrated system safety and operational robustness.
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 +In the subsequent chapters, we will delve deeper into these topics with a framing informed by autonomy abstractions as shown in the figure below. At the “bottom” of these abstractions are the physical objects such as the mechanical devices and the associated electronics hardware. Layered above the electronics hardware layer are various software layers which start with middleware/infrastructure, algorithmic layers, and finally the connection to humans. 
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 +{{:en:safeav:softsys:figure2b.jpg?400|}}
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 +These topics will be addressed at the conceptual level and also examined in specific fashion for the four physical domains (example figure below). 
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 +{{:en:safeav:softsys:figure2c.jpg?400|}}
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