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| en:av:autonomy_and_autonomous_systems:technology:electric_motors [2021/01/25 12:14] – admin | en:av:autonomy_and_autonomous_systems:technology:electric_motors [Unknown date] (current) – external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| This chapter provides a very basic overview of the operational principles of electric motors. | This chapter provides a very basic overview of the operational principles of electric motors. | ||
| - | The operation of any electric motor (machine) is based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction – the interaction of a conductor with an electric current and magnetic field. There are three fundamental concepts of implementation of an electric motor: | + | The operation of an electric motor (machine) is based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction – the interaction of a conductor with an electric current and magnetic field. There are three fundamental concepts of implementation of an electric motor: |
| **A permanent magnet (or electromagnet) motor** | **A permanent magnet (or electromagnet) motor** | ||
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| In the figure: | In the figure: | ||
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| while the motor is rotating. | while the motor is rotating. | ||
| In orange – conductor (a copper wire) | In orange – conductor (a copper wire) | ||
| - | The created force creates momentum on the conductor i.e. it starts to rotate. During rotation the conductor changes the connection to the contact surfaces, thus changing the current direction in the conductor. The created momentum keeps turning the conductor and motor keeps running. | + | The created force creates momentum on the conductor i.e. it starts to rotate. During rotation the conductor changes the connection to the contact surfaces, thus changing the current direction in the conductor. The created momentum keeps turning the conductor and the motor keeps running. |
| **A rigid body motor** | **A rigid body motor** | ||
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| **Magnetic flux motor or Brushless motor** | **Magnetic flux motor or Brushless motor** | ||
| - | The magnetic flux induced by the current influences a ferromagnetic body (so-called reluctance principle). This type of motors | + | The magnetic flux induced by the current influences a ferromagnetic body (so-called reluctance principle). This type of motor is widely known as brushless direct current motors and widely used in different autonomous systems like drones due to the ability to provide a high output power relative to its size. |
| < | < | ||
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| - | In all cases, a dedicated motor controller is used to ensure proper application of voltage and current to the motor. Other types of motors are derived from the mentioned ones. | + | In all cases, a dedicated motor controller is used to ensure |
