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| en:av:autonomy_and_autonomous_systems:overview:unmanned_aerial_vehicles [2021/06/11 13:13] – agrisnik | en:av:autonomy_and_autonomous_systems:overview:unmanned_aerial_vehicles [Unknown date] (current) – external edit (Unknown date) 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft without a human pilot onboard. In a similar fashion as with autonomous cars or unmanned ground vehicles, depending on the level of autonomy (discussed later) the whole system might use a ground control station and vehicle operators that take control over the system when necessary. The control system that enables UAV flying in autonomous mode is called – autopilot ((http:// | An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft without a human pilot onboard. In a similar fashion as with autonomous cars or unmanned ground vehicles, depending on the level of autonomy (discussed later) the whole system might use a ground control station and vehicle operators that take control over the system when necessary. The control system that enables UAV flying in autonomous mode is called – autopilot ((http:// | ||
| - | * Target and decoy – providing ground and aerial gunnery a target that simulates an enemy aircraft or missile. This one of the first applications used even in the Cold wartime | + | * Target and decoy – providing ground and aerial gunnery a target that simulates an enemy aircraft or missile. This one of the first applications used even in the Cold wartime; |
| - | * Reconnaissance – providing battlefield intelligence and ground data | + | * Reconnaissance – providing battlefield intelligence and ground data; |
| - | * Combat – providing attack capability for high-risk missions | + | * Combat – providing attack capability for high-risk missions; |
| - | * Logistics – delivering cargo over the air, which usually is safer or faster than ground deliveries | + | * Logistics – delivering cargo over the air, which usually is safer or faster than ground deliveries; |
| - | * Research and development – improve UAV technologies | + | * Research and development – improve UAV technologies; |
| - | * Civil and commercial UAVs – agriculture, | + | * Civil and commercial UAVs – agriculture, |
| To understand significant differences and challenges addressed by each of the UAV groups, they have to be looked at closer. | To understand significant differences and challenges addressed by each of the UAV groups, they have to be looked at closer. | ||
| - | == Target and decoy: == | + | == Target and decoy == |
| Flying target and decoy targets are among the first applications of unmanned aerial vehicles and historically goes back to the Cold wartime when the first self-guided missiles were developed. For obvious reasons, the test targets had to mimic real target signatures, in every sense of this word, including shape, speed, maneuverability, | Flying target and decoy targets are among the first applications of unmanned aerial vehicles and historically goes back to the Cold wartime when the first self-guided missiles were developed. For obvious reasons, the test targets had to mimic real target signatures, in every sense of this word, including shape, speed, maneuverability, | ||
| - | == Reconnaissance: == | + | == Reconnaissance == |
| In military intelligence applications, | In military intelligence applications, | ||
| - | == Combat: == | + | == Combat == |
| Combat UAVs are currently available in modern armies like the US as a solid part of conventional weapon systems. The impact on modern warfare is rather heavy changing not only tactics (regarding richer intelligence available) but also strategies enabling to “fool” anti-air weapon systems and sometimes acting like a swarm of flying weapons. Some regional conflicts during the last decade show that combat UAVs might play a major role to take control over the battlefield. For instance, Turkish Byraktars in Lybia ((https:// | Combat UAVs are currently available in modern armies like the US as a solid part of conventional weapon systems. The impact on modern warfare is rather heavy changing not only tactics (regarding richer intelligence available) but also strategies enabling to “fool” anti-air weapon systems and sometimes acting like a swarm of flying weapons. Some regional conflicts during the last decade show that combat UAVs might play a major role to take control over the battlefield. For instance, Turkish Byraktars in Lybia ((https:// | ||
| - | == Logistics: == | + | == Logistics == |
| Using drones in logistics as a paradigm is not new, but still is not there. The most significant challenge is traffic control since the UAV systems will become a part of the air traffic and therefore both will bring new threats and opportunities at the same time. One can notice an obvious necessity for automatic traffic control systems instead of current human-operator-based ones, which are of limited capacities and do not scale well. Some recent proposals have been made by NASA scientists ((https:// | Using drones in logistics as a paradigm is not new, but still is not there. The most significant challenge is traffic control since the UAV systems will become a part of the air traffic and therefore both will bring new threats and opportunities at the same time. One can notice an obvious necessity for automatic traffic control systems instead of current human-operator-based ones, which are of limited capacities and do not scale well. Some recent proposals have been made by NASA scientists ((https:// | ||
